On 7th March 2019, Victor Dos Santos has defended his thesis. Awarded by INP Toulouse, his work was supervised by LAPLACE and IRT Saint Exupéry.
The high quality and the relevance of Victor’s thesis contributed to get significant results as a part of Integration project.
THESIS SUBJECT
“Conducted electromagnetic emissions modeling in adjustable speed motor drive systems. Parametric studies and optimization of an inverter and filters under EMC constraints.”
Awards
Victor work Thesis has been considered as outstanding by the jury and has been submitted to 2019 Léopold Escande award. Victor, got the first place of the GEET Doctoral School Congress Contest which took place at Jean Jaures University Blagnac IUT, 5th of April.
About his thesis
Over the last decades, aircraft manufacturers have not ceased to increase the electrical power on board aircrafts. This intensification of the use of electricity, in order to rationalize the secondary energies of the aircraft, lays the foundation for the concept of the More Electric Aircraft (MEA). One of the counterparts to increasing the number of the electrical loads is that they must operate in the same electromagnetic environment, which creates compatibility issues. This discipline has been treated so far at the end of the development of a system, before the stage of certification and aircraft integration. Taking into account these constraints from the design phase, via the estimation of conducted and radiated electromagnetic disturbances by simulation, significant time and costs savings could be achieved by reducing the test phases.
The first step of this research project is the implementation of a modeling approach suitable with optimization processes. It is then essential to take into account all subsystems that form the electromechanical drive, namely the LISNs, the cables, the power converter and the electric motor. The modeling approach chosen is of the direct type ; it consists of representing the electromechanical chain in the common mode base by two ports networks. This generic model allows us to estimate common mode currents directly in the frequency domain at different locations.
Besides, one of the main challenges associated to MEA is thus to drastically increase the power density of electrical power systems, without compromising on reliability. The development of new Wide Bandgap (WBG) semiconductor technologies made of Silicon Carbide, can significantly increase efficiency, performance and power density of adjustable speed electrical power drive systems. Nevertheless, due to their higher switching speed and voltage overshoot, WBG semiconductors used in power converters of an electromechanical chain may have some drawbacks when it comes to Electro-Magnetic Interference. Understanding the switching behavior of WBG components is necessary in order to keep switching speed and overvoltage at a reasonable level. In this PhD thesis, we ensure that the introduction of this emerging technology does not lead to a regression of performance at system level.
Once we establish the conducted emissions models, different filtering solutions have been used: external and internal passive filters. An optimization dedicated to the resolution of a multi-objectives problem (mass, losses) and multi-constraints (quality, stability, EMC, thermal, etc.) in order to minimize the mass of the converter is accomplished. Sensitivity studies led to the identification of the design variables which have the biggest impacts on conducted emissions. This tool allows the optimal sizing of the inverter’s components (power module, heat sink, common mode and differential mode filters, close control parameters). The results obtained thanks to the use of a genetic algorithm make it possible to develop trend curves for an inverter sizing.
INTEGRATION Project
Optimization of the electromechanical chain by increasing electrical system power density, and reducing the weight of all components by working on 3-D power module integration, converter architecture, and motor iron losses.
Jury
| Jean-Luc SCHANEN | Rapporter | Professor / G2ELab, Grenoble INP |
| Eric LABOURE | Rapporter | Professor / GeePS, University Paris Sud |
| Françoise PALADIAN | Examiner | Professor / Institut Pascal |
| Christian VOLLAIRE | Examiner | Professor / Ampère laboratory, Central School Lyon |
| Bertrand REVOL | Examiner | Lecturer (HDR) / SATIE, ENS Paris Saclay |
| Bruno SARENI | Thesis Director | Professor / LAPLACE, Toulouse INP |
| Nicolas ROUX | Thesis co-Director | Lecturer / LAPLACE, Toulouse INP |
| Jean-Pierre CARAYON | Invited | Engineer / IRT Saint Exupéry (Liebherr Aerospace secondment) |
PUBLICATIONS
- Trade-off between Losses and EMI Issues in Three-Phase SiC Inverters for Aircraft Applications – V. Dos Santos, B. Cougo, B. Sareni, N. Roux, B. Revol and J-P. Carayon – IEEE – EMCSI 2017 (Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal and Power Integrity) – Washington, USA – DOI
- Unshielded Cable modeling for Conducted Emissions Issues in Electrical Power Drive Systems – V. Dos Santos, N. Roux, B. Revol, B. Sareni, B. Cougo and J-P. Carayon – IEEE – EMC Europe 2017 (International Symposium and Exhibition on Electromagnetic Compatibility) – Angers, France – DOI
- Trade-off between Losses and EMI Issues in Three-Phase SiC Inverters for More Electrical Aircrafts – B. Cougo, V. Dos Santos, A. Hilal and D-H. Tran – MEA 2017 (More Electrical Aircraft) – Bordeaux, France
- Impacts of the use of SIC semiconductors in actuations systems – B. Cougo, J-P. Carayon, V. Dos Santos, A. Hilal and T. Billard – R3ASC’16 (Recent Advances in Aerospace Actuation Systems and Components) – Toulouse, France